MP Board Class 10 Science: Top 10 Important Questions for 2026 Board Exam

Introduction

Are you preparing for the MP Board Class 10 Science exam 2026? Do you want to know which questions are most important? In this article, we have selected the top 10 questions that have a high chance of appearing in your board exam. These questions are based on the latest MP Board pattern and previous year papers.

Science is a scoring subject if you practice the right questions. Many students waste time on unimportant topics. But if you focus on these 10 important questions, you can score 80% or more. Let’s start.

Question 1: Explain the process of photosynthesis

Why this is important: This question appears in almost every MP Board Science paper. It is from Chapter 6 (Life Processes) in Class 10 NCERT.

Model Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants make their own food using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide. The plant uses chlorophyll (green pigment in leaves) to trap sunlight energy. The process takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

The chemical equation is: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂ (in the presence of sunlight and chlorophyll)

Question 2: State and explain Newton’s three laws of motion with examples

Why this is important: From Chapter 8 (Force and Laws of Motion). This is a fundamental topic and MP Board asks it frequently in different formats.

First Law (Law of Inertia): An object at rest stays at rest, and an object in motion stays in motion at constant speed and direction, unless acted upon by an external force.

Second Law (F = ma): The force acting on an object equals its mass times its acceleration.

Third Law (Action-Reaction): For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Question 3: What is the pH scale?

Why this is important: From Chapter 2 (Acids, Bases and Salts). MP Board frequently asks application-based questions.

Model Answer: The pH scale measures how acidic or basic a substance is. It ranges from 0 to 14. pH 7 is neutral (pure water). pH below 7 is acidic, and pH above 7 is basic.

Question 4: Explain the structure of the human heart

Why important: Chapter 6 (Life Processes). Diagram-based questions are very common in MP Board.

Key points: The human heart has 4 chambers: Right Atrium, Right Ventricle, Left Atrium, Left Ventricle. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium, goes to the right ventricle, then to the lungs for oxygenation. Oxygenated blood comes back to the left atrium, goes to the left ventricle, and is pumped to the whole body.

Question 5: Difference between resistance and resistivity

Why important: Chapter 11 (Electricity). Numerical and theory questions both come from this topic.

Difference: Resistance (R) depends on the wire’s length, area, temperature, and material. Resistivity (ρ) is a property of the material only. Formula: R = ρL/A

Question 6: Explain the human eye and its defects

Why important: Chapter 10 (Human Eye and Colourful World). Defects like myopia, hypermetropia are commonly asked.

Key points: Myopia (near-sightedness) corrected with concave lens. Hypermetropia (far-sightedness) corrected with convex lens. Presbyopia corrected with bifocal lenses.

Question 7: What is a chemical equation? Balance this: Fe + H₂O → Fe₃O₄ + H₂

Why important: Chapter 1 (Chemical Reactions). Balancing equations is a fundamental skill.

Answer: 3Fe + 4H₂O → Fe₃O₄ + 4H₂

Question 8: Explain the refraction of light through a glass slab

Why important: Chapter 9 (Light). Laws of refraction and lateral shift are frequently tested.

Key points: When light enters a glass slab, it bends towards the normal. When it exits, it bends away from the normal. The emergent ray is parallel to the incident ray but laterally shifted.

Question 9: What is Ohm’s Law? Explain with a circuit diagram

Why important: Chapter 11 (Electricity). Ohm’s Law is a fundamental concept.

Answer: Ohm’s Law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the potential difference across it, provided the temperature remains constant. V = IR

Question 10: Explain the carbon cycle in nature

Why important: Chapter 13 (Our Environment). Environment and ecosystem questions are frequently asked.

Key points: Carbon moves between the atmosphere, organisms, and the Earth. Plants take CO₂ for photosynthesis. Animals eat plants and release CO₂ through respiration. Decomposers break down dead organisms and release carbon back to the soil and atmosphere.

Conclusion

These 10 questions cover the most important topics in your MP Board Class 10 Science syllabus. Practice writing answers in your own words. Draw diagrams neatly. Learn the chemical equations properly. If you master these questions, you will be well-prepared for your board exam. Good luck!

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1: How many chapters are there in MP Board Class 10 Science?

There are 13 chapters in MP Board Class 10 Science, covering Chemistry, Physics, and Biology topics based on NCERT.

Q2: Which chapter has the highest weightage?

Light and Electricity typically have the highest weightage (10-12 marks each). Life Processes and Chemical Reactions also carry significant marks (8-10 marks).

Q3: Is NCERT enough for MP Board Class 10 Science?

Yes, NCERT is the main reference. Most questions come directly from NCERT. Solving previous year papers is also recommended.

Q4: How to score 90% in MP Board Class 10 Science?

Focus on NCERT thoroughly. Practice diagrams. Learn all chemical equations by writing them repeatedly. Solve 5+ previous year papers. Write neat answers with underlining.

Q5: What is the passing marks?

33 out of 100 total (combined theory + practical). Theory minimum 23/70 and practical minimum 10/30.