MP Board 10 Sci Ch2 Acids Bases Salts Important Qs

MP Board Class 10 Science Chapter 2 Acids Bases and Salts ke important questions yahan diye gaye hain. Yeh questions previous year papers aur MP Board exam pattern ke according taiyar kiye gaye hain. Inhe padhkar aap apni exam mein 90%+ score kar sakte hain. Questions ko topic-wise divide kiya gaya hai taaki aap systematically revise kar sakein.

🔹 Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)

1. What happens when an acid reacts with a metal? Give an example with chemical equation.
2. Define pH scale. What is the pH value of a neutral solution?
3. Why do HCl, HNO₃, etc. show acidic character in aqueous solutions while alcohol solutions do not?
4. Write the chemical formula of the following salts: (a) Baking soda (b) Washing soda (c) Bleaching powder
5. What is the common name of CaOCl₂? Write its one use.
6. Why does distilled water not conduct electricity whereas rain water does?
7. What is meant by water of crystallisation? Give an example.
8. How would you test the presence of an acid or a base using litmus paper?
9. What is neutralisation reaction? Give one example.
10. Write the pH value range for: (a) Acidic solution (b) Basic solution (c) Neutral solution

🔹 Long Answer Questions (5 Marks Each)

1. Explain the following reactions with chemical equations:

   (a) Reaction of acids with metal carbonates and hydrogen carbonates

   (b) Reaction of acids with metal oxides

   (c) Reaction of bases with metal oxides (amphoteric nature)

2. Describe the importance of pH in everyday life. Explain any four examples where pH plays a crucial role.
3. What are strong and weak acids? Classify the following as strong or weak acids: HCl, CH₃COOH, H₂SO₄, H₂CO₃, HNO₃, H₃PO₄. Give two differences between them.
4. Write the preparation, chemical properties and uses of any two of the following compounds:

   (a) Sodium hydroxide (NaOH)

   (b) Bleaching powder (CaOCl₂)

   (c) Baking soda (NaHCO₃)

   (d) Washing soda (Na₂CO₃·10H₂O)

5. Explain the process of chlor-alkali process with a neat diagram. What are the products formed and write their uses.

🔹 Numerical-Based Questions (3 Marks)

1. A solution has pH value of 3. Is it acidic or basic? How many times more H⁺ ions does it have compared to a solution with pH 5? Show calculation.
2. If 20 mL of 0.1 M HCl solution is neutralised by 30 mL of NaOH solution, calculate the molarity of the NaOH solution.
3. Calculate the amount of NaOH required to neutralise 100 mL of 0.5 M H₂SO₄ solution.
4. How many grams of sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO₃) will be required to completely neutralise 100 mL of 0.2 M HCl solution?

📊 Important Salts and Their Uses

🔹 Multiple Choice Questions (1 Mark Each)

1. Which of the following acids is present in tamarind?
   (a) Citric acid (b) Tartaric acid (c) Acetic acid (d) Oxalic acid
2. The pH of a solution is 2. Which of the following statements is correct?
   (a) It is a strong base (b) It is a strong acid (c) It is neutral (d) It is a weak acid
3. What is the colour of phenolphthalein in basic solution?
   (a) Colourless (b) Pink (c) Blue (d) Red
4. Bleaching powder is used for:
   (a) Water purification (b) Textile bleaching (c) Both (a) and (b) (d) Making glass
5. Which gas is produced when an acid reacts with a metal carbonate?
   (a) O₂ (b) H₂ (c) CO₂ (d) Cl₂
6. Washing soda is chemically known as:
   (a) Sodium carbonate (b) Sodium bicarbonate (c) Sodium hydroxide (d) Sodium chloride
7. The substance that is used as an antacid is:
   (a) NaOH (b) Mg(OH)₂ (c) HCl (d) H₂SO₄
8. Which of the following is not a natural indicator?
   (a) Turmeric (b) Litmus (c) Phenolphthalein (d) Red cabbage

🔹 Diagram-Based Questions (3 Marks)

1. Draw a neat labelled diagram of the experimental setup to show the reaction between zinc granules and dilute sulphuric acid. Label the following parts:

   (a) Delivery tube (b) Gas jar (c) Zn granules (d) Soap solution

2. Draw the diagram of the pH paper and show the colour changes for:

   (a) pH = 1 (Red) (b) pH = 7 (Green) (c) pH = 14 (Violet)

3. Draw a labelled diagram of the electrolytic cell used in the chlor-alkali process showing the production of chlorine gas at the anode and hydrogen gas at the cathode.

📝 Quick Revision: Acid-Base Indicators

💡 Exam Tips

• pH scale questions are very scoring — remember pH = 7 for neutral, <7 for acidic, >7 for basic.
• Common salt reactions: NaCl + H₂O → Electrolysis → NaOH + Cl₂ + H₂ is an important equation for chlor-alkali.
• Water of crystallisation questions appear every year — remember CuSO₄·5H₂O (blue vitriol) and Na₂CO₃·10H₂O (washing soda).
• Practice balancing equations involving acids and bases — at least 2 equation-balancing questions come from this chapter.
• Pop sound test (hydrogen gas) and CO₂ test (lime water turns milky) are frequently asked in practical-based questions.
• Mention the correct colour changes of indicators in your answers for full marks.