Class 10 Science PY Paper 2024 – Solved Questions with

Are you preparing for the MP Board Class 10 Science exam in 2027? Solving the MP Board Class 10 Science Previous Year Paper 2024 is one of the most effective ways to understand the exam pattern, mark distribution, and important topics. In this post, we provide the fully solved 2024 Science paper with detailed answers to help you score 90%+ marks in your board exams.

Paper Overview and Exam Pattern 2024

The MP Board Class 10 Science paper 2024 was conducted for 75 marks (theory) with an additional 25 marks for internal assessment. The paper was divided into four sections with the following distribution:

Section A – Objective Questions (1 Mark Each)

Q1. The chemical formula of washing soda is:

(a) Na2CO3.10H2O (b) Na2CO3.7H2O (c) NaHCO3 (d) NaOH

Answer: (a) Na2CO3.10H2O

Washing soda is sodium carbonate decahydrate, used in laundry and glass manufacturing.

Q2. Which of the following is a non-biodegradable substance?

(a) Paper (b) Wood (c) Polythene bag (d) Cotton cloth

Answer: (c) Polythene bag

Non-biodegradable substances like plastics do not decompose naturally for hundreds of years.

Q3. The pH of a neutral solution at 25C is:

(a) 0 (b) 7 (c) 14 (d) 1

Answer: (b) 7

pH 7 indicates neutral – neither acidic nor basic. Pure water has pH 7 at 25C.

Q4. The SI unit of electric current is:

(a) Volt (b) Ohm (c) Ampere (d) Watt

Answer: (c) Ampere

Current is measured in amperes (A). 1 Ampere = 1 Coulomb of charge flowing per second.

Q5. The blood component that helps in clotting is:

(a) RBC (b) WBC (c) Platelets (d) Plasma

Answer: (c) Platelets

Platelets (thrombocytes) are responsible for blood clotting and preventing excessive bleeding.

Q6. The functional group present in alcohols is:

(a) -CHO (b) -COOH (c) -OH (d) -NH2

Answer: (c) -OH

The hydroxyl group (-OH) is the functional group that characterizes alcohols like ethanol (C2H5OH).

Section B – Very Short Answer Questions (2 Marks Each)

Q7. What is a double displacement reaction? Give an example.

Answer: A double displacement reaction is a reaction in which two compounds exchange their ions to form two new compounds. For example:

AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) rarr; AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

Here, Ag+ and Na+ exchange places to form silver chloride (white precipitate) and sodium nitrate.

Q8. Define the power of a lens. Write its SI unit.

Answer: The power of a lens is the measure of its ability to converge or diverge light rays. It is defined as the reciprocal of the focal length in metres.

Power (P) = 1/f (in metres)

SI unit of power is Dioptre (D).

A convex lens has positive power, while a concave lens has negative power.

Q9. Why is the stomach lining not damaged by hydrochloric acid?

Answer: The stomach lining is protected by a thick layer of mucus secreted by the gastric glands. This mucus forms a protective barrier between the stomach wall and the acidic gastric juice (HCl), preventing self-digestion of the stomach lining.

Section C – Short Answer Questions (3 Marks Each)

Q10. Explain the process of photosynthesis with a balanced chemical equation.

Answer: Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy (food) using carbon dioxide and water in the presence of chlorophyll and sunlight.

6CO2 + 6H2O – with sunlight/chlorophyll -gt; C6H12O6 + 6O2

Q11. State Ohm’s law. Write the formula and its SI units.

Answer: Ohm’s law states that the potential difference across a conductor is directly proportional to the current flowing through it, provided the temperature and physical conditions remain constant.

V = I x R

Where:

• V = Potential difference (Volts)
• I = Current (Amperes)
• R = Resistance (Ohms)

Section D – Long Answer Questions (5 Marks Each)

Q12. Explain the reactivity series of metals. How can you extract metals in the middle of the activity series?

Answer: The reactivity series (or activity series) of metals is a list of metals arranged in decreasing order of their reactivity. The most reactive metal (potassium) is at the top, while the least reactive (gold) is at the bottom.

Metals in the middle of the reactivity series (Zn, Fe, Pb) are moderately reactive. Their oxides are reduced by heating with carbon (smelting). For example:

ZnO + C rarr; Zn + CO

Q13. Describe the process of reproduction in human beings. Explain the role of hormones in the menstrual cycle.

Answer: Human reproduction involves the following steps:

1. Gamete Formation: Sperm in males (testes) and eggs in females (ovaries)
2. Fertilization: Fusion of sperm and egg in the fallopian tube
3. Implantation: The zygote divides and implants in the uterus wall
4. Gestation: Development of the embryo for 9 months
5. Parturition: Birth of the baby

Hormonal Control of Menstrual Cycle:

• FSH – Stimulates egg growth in ovary
• Estrogen – Builds the uterine lining
• LH – Triggers ovulation (day 14)
• Progesterone – Maintains uterine lining for implantation

Download PDF and Preparation Tips

To score above 90% in MP Board Class 10 Science 2027, follow these tips:

• Practice with PY Papers: Solve at least the last 5 years papers (2022-2026)
• Focus on NCERT: 90% of questions come directly from NCERT textbooks
• Master Diagrams: Practice drawing human heart, eye, neuron, and plant cell
• Numerical Practice: Focus on Ohm’s law, power, and lens formula problems
• Chemical Equations: Learn balancing equations and important reactions